MDG · MG · United Nations WPP 2024 · 2026
Madagascar
Madagascar had a population of 33,522,052 people in 2026, ranking 49 of 237 countries and areas. Explore its age pyramid, trends and demographic indicators.
Source: United Nations World Population Prospects 2024, medium variant.
- Total population
- 33,522,052 people 2026 · Projection
- Rank
- #49/ 237 Africa #15 / 58
- Share of world population
- 0.40% 2026
- Density
- 57.6 people/km² 2026
- Median age
- 19.4 years
- Life expectancy
- 64.25 years
Country or area overview
Madagascar is in Africa. In 2026, its population was 33,522,052 people, about 0.40% of the world total. It ranks #49 of 237 countries and areas worldwide. The population was 3,956,074 people in 1950 and is projected to reach 85,341,148 people in 2100. The annual population growth rate in 2026 is 2.34%. The median age is 19.4. 38.6% of the population is under 15 and 3.5% is 65 or older. Life expectancy is 64.25 and the total fertility rate is 3.78. Within Africa, it ranks #15 of 58 by population and #34 of 58 by population density. Data note This page uses the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium variant. Data for 1950–2023 are estimates; 2024 onward, including 2026, are projections. Values for 2100 are long-range projections.
Madagascar map
Country outline and its location in the world.
World location
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m.
Population history and projection
Population from 1950 to 2100. The dashed section shows the UN medium-variant projection from 2024 onward.
Age group · 2026
Population age pyramid
Male and female population by five-year age group. Move the year slider to compare 1950, today and the 2100 projection.
Age-group data
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 2,420,819 | 2,353,841 | 4,774,660 | 14.24% |
| 5–9 | 2,189,885 | 2,133,367 | 4,323,252 | 12.90% |
| 10–14 | 1,951,654 | 1,903,631 | 3,855,285 | 11.50% |
| 15–19 | 1,798,001 | 1,763,264 | 3,561,265 | 10.62% |
| 20–24 | 1,579,348 | 1,559,125 | 3,138,473 | 9.36% |
| 25–29 | 1,429,159 | 1,416,775 | 2,845,934 | 8.49% |
| 30–34 | 1,182,523 | 1,176,043 | 2,358,566 | 7.04% |
| 35–39 | 947,932 | 945,506 | 1,893,438 | 5.65% |
| 40–44 | 791,520 | 793,564 | 1,585,084 | 4.73% |
| 45–49 | 674,835 | 683,635 | 1,358,470 | 4.05% |
| 50–54 | 550,546 | 563,723 | 1,114,269 | 3.32% |
| 55–59 | 424,055 | 440,889 | 864,944 | 2.58% |
| 60–64 | 321,308 | 341,240 | 662,548 | 1.98% |
| 65–69 | 243,383 | 266,018 | 509,401 | 1.52% |
| 70–74 | 166,433 | 188,364 | 354,797 | 1.06% |
| 75–79 | 89,237 | 106,833 | 196,070 | 0.58% |
| 80–84 | 35,804 | 47,400 | 83,204 | 0.25% |
| 85–89 | 13,707 | 19,220 | 32,927 | 0.10% |
| 90–94 | 3,184 | 5,167 | 8,351 | 0.02% |
| 95–99 | 348 | 709 | 1,057 | 0.00% |
| 100+ | 17 | 44 | 61 | 0.00% |
Demographic indicators
UN WPP 2024 indicators for 2026.
| Indicator | 2026 | Projection for 2100 | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 33,522,052 people | 85,341,148 people | people |
| Male population | 16,813,694 people | 42,221,046 people | people |
| Female population | 16,708,357 people | 43,120,101 people | people |
| Population density | 57.6 people/km² | 146.7 people/km² | people/km² |
| Sex ratio | 100.6 | 97.9 | males per 100 females |
| Median age | 19.4 | 34.2 | years |
| Natural change | 787,102 | 384,878 | people |
| Natural change rate | 23.48 ‰ | 4.51 ‰ | ‰ |
| Population change | 784,435 | 371,797 | people |
| Population growth rate | 2.34% | 0.44% | % |
| Population doubling time | 29.6 | — | years |
| Births | 1,033,723 people | 1,219,160 people | people |
| Births to women aged 15–19 | 223,071 | 129,538 | people |
| Birth rate | 30.84 ‰ | 14.29 ‰ | ‰ |
| Total fertility rate | 3.78 | 2.06 | children per woman |
| Net reproduction rate | 1.663 | 0.986 | |
| Mean age at childbearing | 27.78 | 28.76 | years |
| Sex ratio at birth | 103.8 | 103.7 | males per 100 females |
| Deaths | 246,621 people | 834,282 people | people |
| Male deaths | 132,913 | 441,061 | people |
| Female deaths | 113,708 | 393,221 | people |
| Death rate | 7.36 ‰ | 9.78 ‰ | ‰ |
| Life expectancy at birth | 64.25 | 74.75 | years |
| Male life expectancy at birth | 62.51 | 72.29 | years |
| Female life expectancy at birth | 66.06 | 77.28 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 15 | 54.72 | 61.19 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 65 | 13.96 | 16.04 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 80 | 6.02 | 6.98 | years |
| Infant deaths | 43,958 | 14,569 | people |
| Infant mortality rate | 42.59 ‰ | 11.95 ‰ | ‰ |
| Survivors to age 1 | 996,959 | 1,205,715 | people |
| Deaths under age 5 | 63,343 | 18,844 | people |
| Under-5 mortality rate | 61.96 ‰ | 15.42 ‰ | ‰ |
| Net migration | -2,665 | -13,080 | people |
| Net migration rate | -0.08 ‰ | -0.15 ‰ | ‰ |
Frequently asked questions
- What is the population of Madagascar?
- In 2026, Madagascar had a population of 33,522,052 people. It ranks #49 of 237 countries and areas worldwide.
- How has the population of Madagascar changed?
- The population was 3,956,074 people in 1950 and is projected to reach 85,341,148 people in 2100.
- What is the age structure of Madagascar?
- The median age is 19.4. 38.6% of the population is under 15 and 3.5% is 65 or older.
- How does Madagascar compare within Africa?
- By total population, Madagascar ranks #15 of 58 in Africa and #49 of 237 worldwide.
Estimates cover 1950–2023; 2024 and later are UN medium-variant projections. Rankings use the latest available value for the selected year. The world total is the sum of all countries and areas in the dataset.