ROU · RO · United Nations WPP 2024 · 2026
Romania
Romania had a population of 18,800,605 people in 2026, ranking 70 of 237 countries and areas. Explore its age pyramid, trends and demographic indicators.
Source: United Nations World Population Prospects 2024, medium variant.
- Total population
- 18,800,605 people 2026 · Projection
- Rank
- #70/ 237 Europe #9 / 50
- Share of world population
- 0.23% 2026
- Density
- 81.7 people/km² 2026
- Median age
- 43.5 years
- Life expectancy
- 76.40 years
Country or area overview
Romania is in Europe. In 2026, its population was 18,800,605 people, about 0.23% of the world total. It ranks #70 of 237 countries and areas worldwide. The population was 16,397,279 people in 1950 and is projected to reach 10,768,185 people in 2100. The annual population growth rate in 2026 is -0.58%. The median age is 43.5. 15.4% of the population is under 15 and 20.2% is 65 or older. Life expectancy is 76.40 and the total fertility rate is 1.71. Within Europe, it ranks #9 of 50 by population and #32 of 50 by population density. Data note This page uses the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium variant. Data for 1950–2023 are estimates; 2024 onward, including 2026, are projections. Values for 2100 are long-range projections.
Romania map
Country outline and its location in the world.
World location
Boundaries: Natural Earth 1:50m.
Population history and projection
Population from 1950 to 2100. The dashed section shows the UN medium-variant projection from 2024 onward.
Age group · 2026
Population age pyramid
Male and female population by five-year age group. Move the year slider to compare 1950, today and the 2100 projection.
Age-group data
| Age group | Male | Female | Total | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 460,978 | 437,069 | 898,047 | 4.78% |
| 5–9 | 508,909 | 485,709 | 994,618 | 5.29% |
| 10–14 | 516,162 | 493,450 | 1,009,612 | 5.37% |
| 15–19 | 552,617 | 529,479 | 1,082,096 | 5.76% |
| 20–24 | 520,994 | 500,836 | 1,021,830 | 5.44% |
| 25–29 | 506,054 | 485,466 | 991,520 | 5.27% |
| 30–34 | 521,691 | 496,450 | 1,018,141 | 5.42% |
| 35–39 | 671,635 | 636,028 | 1,307,663 | 6.96% |
| 40–44 | 631,357 | 588,586 | 1,219,943 | 6.49% |
| 45–49 | 746,293 | 713,610 | 1,459,903 | 7.77% |
| 50–54 | 728,537 | 721,180 | 1,449,717 | 7.71% |
| 55–59 | 773,417 | 802,917 | 1,576,334 | 8.38% |
| 60–64 | 455,036 | 511,437 | 966,473 | 5.14% |
| 65–69 | 470,203 | 610,122 | 1,080,325 | 5.75% |
| 70–74 | 446,981 | 640,534 | 1,087,515 | 5.78% |
| 75–79 | 311,548 | 493,481 | 805,029 | 4.28% |
| 80–84 | 156,853 | 285,890 | 442,743 | 2.35% |
| 85–89 | 89,856 | 190,331 | 280,187 | 1.49% |
| 90–94 | 30,300 | 63,721 | 94,021 | 0.50% |
| 95–99 | 5,038 | 8,832 | 13,870 | 0.07% |
| 100+ | 421 | 599 | 1,020 | 0.01% |
Demographic indicators
UN WPP 2024 indicators for 2026.
| Indicator | 2026 | Projection for 2100 | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 18,800,605 people | 10,768,185 people | people |
| Male population | 9,104,880 people | 5,360,242 people | people |
| Female population | 9,695,724 people | 5,407,943 people | people |
| Population density | 81.7 people/km² | 46.8 people/km² | people/km² |
| Sex ratio | 93.9 | 99.1 | males per 100 females |
| Median age | 43.5 | 50.3 | years |
| Natural change | -79,733 | -71,174 | people |
| Natural change rate | -4.24 ‰ | -6.61 ‰ | ‰ |
| Population change | -108,717 | -84,582 | people |
| Population growth rate | -0.58% | -0.79% | % |
| Population doubling time | — | — | years |
| Births | 176,198 people | 87,303 people | people |
| Births to women aged 15–19 | 16,203 | 1,432 | people |
| Birth rate | 9.37 ‰ | 8.11 ‰ | ‰ |
| Total fertility rate | 1.71 | 1.67 | children per woman |
| Net reproduction rate | 0.822 | 0.807 | |
| Mean age at childbearing | 28.48 | 31.16 | years |
| Sex ratio at birth | 105.6 | 105.8 | males per 100 females |
| Deaths | 255,931 people | 158,477 people | people |
| Male deaths | 129,381 | 78,762 | people |
| Female deaths | 126,550 | 79,716 | people |
| Death rate | 13.61 ‰ | 14.72 ‰ | ‰ |
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.40 | 86.92 | years |
| Male life expectancy at birth | 72.91 | 85.02 | years |
| Female life expectancy at birth | 79.95 | 88.91 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 15 | 61.95 | 72.09 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 65 | 17.11 | 23.96 | years |
| Life expectancy at age 80 | 7.51 | 11.52 | years |
| Infant deaths | 848 | 113 | people |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.81 ‰ | 1.30 ‰ | ‰ |
| Survivors to age 1 | 175,469 | 87,206 | people |
| Deaths under age 5 | 1,047 | 136 | people |
| Under-5 mortality rate | 5.91 ‰ | 1.55 ‰ | ‰ |
| Net migration | -28,982 | -13,406 | people |
| Net migration rate | -1.54 ‰ | -1.25 ‰ | ‰ |
Frequently asked questions
- What is the population of Romania?
- In 2026, Romania had a population of 18,800,605 people. It ranks #70 of 237 countries and areas worldwide.
- How has the population of Romania changed?
- The population was 16,397,279 people in 1950 and is projected to reach 10,768,185 people in 2100.
- What is the age structure of Romania?
- The median age is 43.5. 15.4% of the population is under 15 and 20.2% is 65 or older.
- How does Romania compare within Europe?
- By total population, Romania ranks #9 of 50 in Europe and #70 of 237 worldwide.
Estimates cover 1950–2023; 2024 and later are UN medium-variant projections. Rankings use the latest available value for the selected year. The world total is the sum of all countries and areas in the dataset.